#4: The Carbonari
The Carbonari were clandestine revolutionary networks that spread across early nineteenth-century Italy, using coded rituals and small cells to evade hostile governments. They pushed for constitutional government, independence, and resistance to foreign domination, playing prominent roles in uprisings during the 1820s and 1830s. The societies eventually lost importance to movements such as Giuseppe Mazzini’s Young Italy, but they helped create political networks and nationalist habits later crucial to the Risorgimento. Secret meetings genuinely helped prepare Italy for unification.
provided by constative.com